SCALP
Skin is thick and hairy. It has more number of sweat gland and sebaceous glands.
Superficial fascia is more fibrous and dense in the center than at the periphery of the head. It contains many blood vessels.
OCCIPITOFRONTALIS MUSCLE
Two bellies
1.Occipitalis- small and separated, supplied by a posterior auricular branch of facial nerve.
2.Frontalis- longer, wider and partly united in the median plane. Supplied by temporal branch of facial nerve.
Both are inserted in the epicranial aponeurosis.
Epicranial aponeurosis is freely movable on the pericranium along with the overlying and adherent skin and fascia. Anteriorly, it receives the insertion of the frontalis posteriorly, it receives the insertion of occipitalis and is attached to the external occipital protuberance and to the highest nuchal lines in between the occipital bellies. On each side, the aponeurosis is attached to the superior temporal line but sends down a thin expansion which passes over the temporal fascia and is attached to the zygomatic arch.
First three layers of scalp are called surgical layers of the scalp.These are called as scalp proper also.
The fourth layer of the scalp is made up of loose areolar tissue. It extends anteriorly into the eyelids because the frontalis muscle has no bony attachment; posteriorly to the highest and superior nuchal lines
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